Electric boiler for heating is designed for cottages without a centralized system of temperature regulation in the rooms. Devices are subdivided into induction, heating elements, electrode. Quality models are offered by manufacturers Protherm, Kospel, EVAN, Vaillant, RusNIT. Before you choose an electric boiler, you need to determine the capacity, installation methods, type of fuel, equipment.
Contents
Advantages and disadvantages
Electric boiler for heating a private home has the following advantages:
- simple installation;
- low weight;
- compact design;
- safe operation (no open flame);
- small costs for maintenance and repair work;
- absence of operation noise;
- environmental friendliness (no harmful emissions);
- no need for chimneys;
- no special documentation is required;
- waste-free operation;
- budget cost.
The choice of an electric boiler should be made taking into account the disadvantages of the unit:
- high volume of electricity consumption;
- high price of heat transfer fluids (compared to gas heating and solid fuel systems);
- failures in operation in case of power outage;
- insufficient capacity for buildings over 200m².
To prevent system failures, electric boiler is combined with a backup heater operating on solid fuel.
Boiler types by type of heating element
Electric boiler for home heating comes in 3 types:
- tan;
- electrode;
- induction.
Thane
Thermal electric boilers for home heating are characterized by a simple and compact design, affordable price. The devices have a system for regulating the force of the head (in case of malfunction the device will turn off). The unit consists of several heating spirals or plates located in a tank of liquid. The power of heating fluid is regulated by means of step connection of spirals.
When the liquid in the boiler cools down, the heating elements are connected automatically. The maximum heating temperature can be fixed at the required level (+30...+80°C) using the control panel. Different heat carriers (antifreeze, water, oil) are used in the device. At application of water as the heat-carrier it is possible formation of scale that reduces efficiency of operation of the device.
Electrode boilers
Electrode electric boilers for homes are compact and budget-friendly. A simple design solution does not require a volumetric capacity and pumps for circulating liquids. The principle of operation of the device is based on the use of electrodes with different charges. By changing the polarity of the electrodes with a frequency of 50 Hz an alternating current is formed. When current is passed through water with a high electrical resistance (1300 Ohm/cm²), the coolant heats up.
The device is characterized by safe operation. If there is a leak and the electrodes are disconnected, the heating of the liquid stops. Only water with mineral additives is used in the device, the use of antifreeze in the design is prohibited. Electrodes must be replaced regularly.
Induction boilers
Induction heating boilers are based on the principle of electromagnetic induction. The devices are transformers, placed in a housing made of metal. The induction coil is built into the boiler compartment, isolated from the circulating fluid. The transformer also includes a core or piping system, which ensures circulation of the heated liquid. Water with mineral additives, antifreeze can be used as the coolant.
Devices have a high coefficient of efficiency, so they are designed for spacious private houses and outbuildings. The absence of detachable joints eliminates the appearance of leaks, overheating the coolant, simplifies maintenance and repair. In the unit does not occur scale. Devices have a high degree of fire safety. However, it is necessary to consider the large size and high price of the units.
Type of connection
Connection of heating radiators operating with a capacity of 6 kW, is carried out to a single-phase power grid (220 V). For devices with higher power, you need to connect to a three-phase line of 380 volts.
Before connecting the device, it is necessary to calculate the size of the cross-section of the electrical wiring. The use of thin wires leads to their overheating. Boilers with a capacity of 6 kW require electrical wiring of at least 4 mm².
Number of circuits
Before you pick up an electric boiler, you need to determine the type of device (single-circuit or double-circuit).
Device with 1 circuit provides heating of the coolant and the distribution of heat energy through the heating system. The unit is compact, inexpensive, with a simple design and comfortable operation.
Two-circuit heating boilers are more productive, durable and of high quality. The devices are designed for heating the house, providing water supply for domestic purposes. In the application of two-circuit devices does not require the installation of a boiler for heating water.
Calculation of power
Before selecting an electric boiler, it is necessary to calculate the heating capacity, taking into account the area of the house. The dimensions of the space (in m²) must be divided by 10. The figure indicates the maximum possible capacity of the unit.
It is estimated that it takes 40 watts of electricity to heat 1 m² of space. When calculating, heat loss indicators are taken into account. For the middle belt of Russia a coefficient of 1.5 is used, for the southern regions - 0.7-1, for the northern territories - 1.5-2.
The device is not the most economical heating boiler, because to heat a building with an area of 100 m² you need 10-12 kW.
Regulation and control system of the boiler
Boiler power control can be smooth or stepped.
Devices with a step regulation includes autonomous heating components. Several components must be turned off in sequence to reduce temperature and consume electrical energy.
The standard unit has 3 elements of different heating power levels. There are 4 levels of regulation available from 25-100%. To extend the parameters of the possible temperature modes it is necessary to install valves or a thermostat.
Smooth power control is available with a built-in rheostat. The device allows you to gradually move the unit temperature within +30 ... +80 ° C.
Electric boilers are also controlled by a circulating pump, filters, safety valves, emergency system, pressure monitoring sensors, etc. Purchase of additional elements will increase the cost of the device itself.
Type of installation
Electric boilers for private homes can be installed on the floor or attached to wall panels.
Wall-mounted devices are compact, lightweight, allow you to save space in the room. However, it is necessary to provide sufficient insulation of the walls, the roof.
Floor units are characterized by high power, bulky design and heavy weight. Volumetric tanks for the coolant can be used in the devices.
Rating of the best manufacturers of electric boilers
Before choosing an electric boiler, you need to determine the quality, price category, reliable manufacturer.
In the rating of quality brands of products from manufacturers:
- Protherm;
- Buderus;
- Kospel;
- Vaillant;
- EVAN;
- RusNIT.
When deciding which electric boiler is better, you need to consider the appropriate capacity for the size of the room.
Protherm Scat 12 KR 13
For example, Protherm Skat 12 KR 13 unit is recommended for houses with a compact area (up to 120 m²) or apartments. The unit is reliable, durable, economical and works quietly. When heating the building requires a high consumption of electric energy, then the temperature is maintained in economic mode.
The device heating temperature varies in the range +40 ... +85 ° C, the unit efficiency - 99,5. The device is easy to install, aesthetic, complemented by pressure control sensors, a device to shut off in an emergency situation or in case of overheating. The device is equipped with a 7 litre tank and a stepless power regulator of the heating system.
Vaillant eloBLOCK VE 12
Electric boiler "Vaillant eloBLOCK VE 12" is compact, energy efficient, durable, with a simple design. The device is optimal for heating the space of 100-120 m². The microprocessor and the backlit LCD monitor ensure the accuracy of the settings.
There is a built-in sensor for adjusting the temperature mode to changes in weather conditions. It is controlled remotely and permanently. The device is equipped with two heaters (heating elements) 6 kW each. Foreseen mode of operation in the summer time, prevention of freezing of liquid, combined with the "underfloor heating" system.
Buderus Logamax E213-10
The Buderus Logamax E213-10 is designed to be mounted to a wall panel on brackets. The design of the device is optimal for the living area of the house or household unit. The power of the unit is 10 kW, the tank capacity is 7 l. The unit is equipped with a pump. The temperature is regulated by a thermostat, a stabilizer, a sensor blocking the device in case of overheating. The device is characterized by quality assembly, compact size. The design is made of steel, supplemented by reliable thermal insulation.
Kospel EKCO. L2 12
The electric boiler for a private house Kospel EKCO. L2 12 is a wall mounted. The unit is optimal for cottages with an area of 100-120 m². The power supply of the device is performed from the network to 380 V. The weight of the device is 18 kg, efficiency - 99,4%, working pressure - 3 bar. The device can be combined with hot water boilers. The unit is equipped with a built-in temperature regulator, a pump with an automated operating system, and a pressure gauge.
The control system provides efficient, silent operation. The coolant temperature is adjustable within the range of +20...+85°C. The control includes 6 steps. The device includes systems that prevent the liquid from overheating or freezing. In case of emergency the unit disconnects automatically by means of an interlock.
RusNIT 208M
In the list of quality inexpensive models - RusNIT 208M. The device is compact and designed for mounting on the wall panel. The device can be used as a basic or supplementary heating system in country houses or domestic buildings up to 80 sq.m. It is possible to regulate the output in steps of up to 30, 60 or 100%. The temperature range of air heating is +5 ... +30 ° C.
The device is connected to the electric network 220-380 V. Thermal switch controls the heating of liquid up to +90°C. A special sensor prevents the unit from being switched on if the tank is not filled. The moisture protection allows the unit to be installed in the bathroom. It is possible to install a pump. You can adjust the maximum level of temperature increase of the boiler within +35 ... +85 ° C.
Evan Warmos QX-18
The best electric boiler with high capacity of domestic production - Evan Warmos QX-18. Tank capacity is 12 liters, power adjustment is three-stage. According to the technical parameters, the device is universal and designed for large areas (homes or industries). The body combines heating elements made of steel, membrane tank, pump.
The lower block of the device has an LCD display and the control panel can be covered with a special bar. The operation of the unit is microprocessor-controlled and can be done in automatic or manual mode. The unit is equipped with a thermostat, sensors and alarm indicators. The unit is equipped with a thermostat, sensors, alarm indicators.
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