Ceiling infrared heater allows you to increase the temperature of the air in the room faster than when using convector analogues. During the operation of such devices, energy for heating is used more economically. As a result, significantly reduced costs of utilities in the winter in a private home and facilities for other purposes.
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How does it work?
IR device is characterized by the simplicity of design. It consists of a heating element (TEN), a radiating plate (emitter), heat insulating material with a reflector layer. Thanks to this increases the intensity of heat transfer into the room when heating the heating element. The body of the electric infrared ceiling heater is mounted on a horizontal surface using brackets. The devices are often equipped with thermostats, which allows you to control the air temperature.
The principle of operation of such equipment is based on the ability to emit waves of radiation in different ranges (0.75-100 microns). This happens when the device is connected to a power source. As a result, the temperature of the heating element increases. Infrared radiation hits the surfaces of objects that are in the room. This heats them up.
However, during the initial operation of the device, the air temperature does not change. This means that infrared radiation does not have a direct effect on the environment. It only has an indirect effect when the surfaces heated by an infrared device begin to release the heat into the air.
The advantage of this type of device is the ability to maintain a comfortable ambient temperature for a long period of time without the need to turn it on again. This is due to the fact that the surfaces of different materials (metal, plastic, wood, laminate, etc.) cool down slowly, continuing to give the heat to the air.
In comparison, the classic convection model of the device heats the air environment. In this case, it quickly becomes necessary to reheat the room. Intervals between the inclusion of the infrared device is much longer, which allows you to save energy. Such equipment is safe for people, because it is a source of infrared best in the most comfortable range: from 5.6 to 100 microns.
Industrial ceiling devices are characterized by long-range action. The suspension height in this case is much greater (3-12 m), so the radiation in a different range (0.75-2.5 microns) will not cause harm to humans. It is impossible to place such devices closer to the floor.
Disadvantages of infrared devices also have, for example, average efficiency, low power, which does not allow you to use them instead of the heating system. For heating a private home, infrared devices can be used only as an auxiliary measure. In addition, prolonged exposure to infrared radiation can cause discomfort, dryness of the outer skin.
Differences of different classes of heaters
Devices in this group are divided into 3 classes. They differ in wavelength, the efficiency of heating the room:
- Short-wave - the fastest models, the heating element is able to heat up to +1000 ° C, these devices are designed for use in large areas, heating when installing such equipment at a minimum height can lead to a dangerous situation;
- medium-wave: the heating element heats up to +600 ° C, the models of this group are optimal for residential, office premises, it is recommended to place them at a height of 3-6 m, such models are also suitable for Armstrong ceilings;
- Longwave - devices of low price category, have an average level of efficiency, suitable for premises up to 3 m high, the temperature of the heating element can be +100 ... +600 ° C.
Ceiling infrared heaters of the new generation are represented by a wide range, which allows you to choose the appropriate model for performance, heating speed, height of installation. As a result, the device will function without overheating the surface, but at the same time providing comfortable conditions for staying in the room.
Choosing according to the power of the infrared heater
IR devices should be purchased taking into account the main parameters. The power is determined by the ratio of 100 watts per 1 m². However, there are some exceptions. So, if the room is not used for a long period of time, not heated, then you should choose a device for its heating power reserve (15-20% more than the recommended value).
Medium- and long-wave devices are considered more effective. Despite this, to heat a room with an area of up to 15 m², you will need two devices with a capacity of 1.5 kW each. If the heating system is not used or not provided for by the project, there should be more heaters in the room, which will lead to increased energy consumption.
Influence of appliance design on heating performance
It is advisable to consider the angle of scattering of infrared radiation. You should imagine a conditional triangle within which the infrared rays spread from the body of the appliance. Its approximate dimensions, and at the same time the angle of coverage of the room area, are determined based on the configuration of the radiator, the front screen. Possible options are:
- 90° - such models are equipped with a curved reflector (semi-circular), flat screen;
- 90°-120° - devices with a semicircular screen, they, on the contrary, are equipped with a flat reflector;
- 120° - models with a tubular radiator.
From the angle of coverage depends on what area the device will heat. Based on this parameter, you can determine the points of location of infrared devices, which will ensure the highest efficiency of their operation.
Characteristics of heaters depending on the thermal element
Devices are divided into groups based on the type of heating element:
- ceramic: characterized by a low rate of heating of the emitter, but such models give off heat for a longer period;
- halogen lamps: emit visible light, uncomfortable to use, can create a dangerous situation, because the heater of this type heats up strongly;
- carbon spiral in a vacuum environment in the form of a tube - the most common model, lasts a short time (2 years), emits visible light, contributes to eye fatigue, discomfort;
- Advanced ceramic heaters in the form of a tube - the most effective, but so far they are offered at a high price.
Rating ceiling infrared heaters
When choosing, you should consider not only the main parameters, but also the reliability of the products. The best infrared heaters are produced by UFO, Almac, Termic, Zilon and some other manufacturers:
- Almac 11P consumes 1000 watts, heats an area of no more than 22 m² (during the warm season) and up to 11 m² in winter. Installation height - up to 3.5 m. The device can be used in rooms of different purposes. Price - 3500 rubles.
- Termik P-0,5 kW. From the designation you can find out the power. This model has a square shape, designed for installation in Armstrong ceilings. The price is 2200 rubles.
- Zilon IR-0.8SN2 consumes 800 W. This model is designed for spaces up to 10 square meters. You can buy it for 2500 rubles.
Before buying, you should pay attention to the method of installation and dimensions of the infrared heater. For Armstrong ceilings, a technique with a special attachment has been developed. It has a different shape of the body. It is recommended to select such models also by weight, which will allow the ceiling frame to hold the device without deforming.
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