Every day we use electricity. And in order not to be deceived in payment - it is necessary to calculate the spent amount correctly. To do this, each house or apartment has a meter that measures how much electricity it consumes. This article describes what will help you calculate and pay the correct electric bill for your rate.
The Federal Tariff Service - is the authorized government agency that monitors and regulates the price of goods or services. It controls naturally occurring monopolies and the fairness of prices of goods and services.
Contents
Types of electricity tariffs
The main types of electricity tariffs are
- single-rate meter-based tariff (payment only for kilowatt-hours noted in the meter is taken into account);
- Two-rate tariff with the basic rate for the capacity of connected electric power receivers (payment is made for kilowatt-hours indicated in the meter and the total capacity of all power receivers. This tariff was created for large industrial enterprises, because their devices have a very large capacity and the cost of electrical equipment and power supply system in some cases exceeds 50% of the value of the enterprise);
- two-rate tariff with payment of maximum load (kilowatt-hours marked in the meter and maximum load of all power receivers are paid);
- two-rate tariff with the basic rate for the consumer's capacity, participating in the maximum load of the power system (payment for kilowatt-hours with additional payment for capacity during the maximum load hours and during other hours at different rates is taken into account);
- single-rate tariff, differentiated by time of day, days of the week, seasons of the year (only kilowatt-hours marked in the meter are paid, but the rate is differentiated by periods).
The basis for calculating the tariff is the Federal Law on the use of electricity, the accounting of its consumption in a particular region and the cost of components for supplying electricity to the premises.
To understand what the tariff is worth paying for the service, you need to consider several factors:
- whether the house has a gas supply system;
- Whether there is a meter in the house or apartment consumed electricity meter, and if so what type of device installed;
*IMPORTANT: When calculating the tariff you need to take into account what mode of consumption of utilities is officially fixed in your apartment. For example, the house is connected to the gas supply and a gas stove is not used in this apartment, but it is not officially documented. It would be a mistake to think that the apartment is charged as without the use of a gas stove, but in fact in this case the rate is as with a gas stove.
To find out the rate to pay you need:
- Go to the website of the power supply company of your region.
- Select the rates tab.
- Choose a city, a district, and a settlement.
- From the table below, select the desired section: "In homes duly equipped with electric stoves and (or) electric heating units" - in other words, apartments without gas supply / For apartments and houses equipped with electric stoves / for apartments and houses in rural areas.
- Select the section with the tariff plan of your meter (without differentiation by time of consumption, dual-rate or multi-rate meter).
Ways of calculating the electricity bill
According to electricity meter data
This is the simplest and most popular way.
On a single-rate system, multiply the amount of electricity consumed by the rate per kilowatt hour.
On a two-rate meter, multiply the amount of electricity consumed at night by the the night rate per kilowatt hour and add that to the product of the amount of electricity consumed during the day by the daily kilowatt-hour rate.
On a multi-tariff meter, you have to add up the product of 3 summands: the amount of electricity consumed at peak by the kilowatt-hour rate at peak, the amount of electricity consumed at half-peak by the kilowatt-hour rate at half-peak and the amount of electricity consumed at night by the night rate of one kilowatt-hour.
Payment based on social norms of consumption
In 2012, the government of the Russian Federation in several regions established a social norm of electricity consumption. It is calculated on the basis of the place of residence, number of residents and varies by seasons. There are two tariffs in the system: the tariff for electricity not exceeding the social norm and the tariff for electricity exceeding the social norm.
Thus, in order to calculate the amount of payment for electricity you must add up the product of two data: the amount of electricity used that does not exceed the social norm multiplied by the kilowatt-hour rate that does not exceed the social norm and the amount of electricity used in excess of the social norm multiplied by the kilowatt-hour rate that exceeds the social norm.
Payment without electricity meter data
To understand which formula will be used to calculate payment without meter data, you need to know the reason for the lack of data.
- Absence of an electricity meter or its data has not been transmitted for more than 6 months.
The amount of payment will be equal to the product of the number of people registered in the territory, the consumption rate set in the region, the approved tariff in the region and the multiplying factor for consumers who do not have an individual meter, but have the opportunity to install it.
- The meter is not corrected or the readings are not submitted on time.
In this situation, the average consumption of electricity for six and three months is calculated. In other words, the amount of electricity consumed for six (three) months is divided by the number of months and multiplied by the tariff set in the region.
How to correctly read the meter is written in our article.
Using a meter for measuring the amount of electricity consumed
You need to subtract the amount of consumption in non-residential premises, in apartments with and without meters, multiplied by the quotient between the area of the apartment and the area of all residential and nonresidential premises and multiply the result by the tariff set for the region.
Without the help of a building meter
It is necessary to multiply the electricity consumption rate of the building by the area of all the rooms used in the building multiplied by the quotient between the area of the apartment and the area of all residential and nonresidential rooms and multiply the result by the tariff.
Calculation of electricity by wattage
Each electrical appliance is marked with its wattage.
*IMPORTANTSome appliances indicated power range. For example, from 500 to 1000, you need to add these two numbers and divide by 2. You will get an average value of 750 and it should be taken into account.
Then we find out which device works for how many hours, as well as with the power, determine the average value of its work per day and multiply by the average value of its power. From this you get the electricity consumed by it.
To determine how much electricity is spent for a certain period of time to add up the data for each device and divide by 1000 (as paid electricity in kWh, and the power on devices specified in W). The resulting number is multiplied by the number of days for which you pay for electricity. Then, the result multiplied by the tariff and get the amount to pay for electricity.
*IMPORTANTSome devices work for different seasons for different amounts of time, so you must take these changes into account each time.
To avoid getting into a difficult situation with the payment of electricity, you need to take into account all factors, keep track of changes in tariffs and systematically check the working order of meters.
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