In the arsenal of any master working with electronic devices should be a multimeter for measuring various parameters of devices. With this device you can determine the presence of wire breaks, measure DC and AC voltage and current, the parameters of capacitors and the value of resistor resistance. Let's consider important criteria for choosing a device for use at home and in the car, as well as present a rating of multimeters by functionality.
A multimeter is a universal device that combines the functions of a voltmeter, ammeter and ohmmeter, thanks to which you can pinpoint the cause of electrical problems in the car or in household appliances.
The digital multimeter is a must for professionals working with power and low-current networks, as well as for craftsmen in the field of electronic devices. At the heart of the instrument is a double-integrated analog-to-digital converter where the input signal is compared to the standard signal. Polarity and the overload indication system are detected automatically.
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How to choose a multimeter
The choice of multimeter is made on the basis of parameters that are important in future use. In addition to technical characteristics, it is recommended to focus on user reviews about specific models. In the rating of quality and reliability in the leading positions are the manufacturers Fluke, Mastech, APPA, Resanta, CEM.
Considering the types of multimeters, the following can be highlighted:
- Stationary and mobile. Stationary ones have extended functionality and increased accuracy of results, and mobile ones are suitable when you need constant transportation. So, stationary ones are used for installation in the workshop, and mobile ones can be used in the car, at home or at the cottage.
- Analog and digital. Analog multimeters provide for the display of the result by means of an arrow on the scale of the device. Devices do not give very accurate results, but their popularity is not falling due to the low cost. A digital multimeter has a large display, which shows the results of measurements. In addition, digital models as a rule have a larger set of functions.
When selecting also need to pay attention to the manufacturer, it is better to give preference to well-known brands, proven in the market.
Important! The error in home multimeters can be within 0,025 - 3 %.
Multimeters are divided on the safety of application into the following types:
- CAT I - For low voltage networks (electronics, office equipment and household appliances);
- CAT II - for measurements in local networks (loads connected to single-phase outlets);
- CAT III - for indoor networks (three-phase power supply, including single-phase lighting lines);
- CAT IV - can be used outside (connection point to three-phase network, any outdoor 0.4 kV lines).
When choosing, pay attention to the quality of the case assembly, so that the parts are securely fastened and fixed to each other. A shockproof case will help protect the digital multimeter from mechanical impact. Quality probe wires, high bandwidth and large cross-section will help avoid breaks and fraying. Also pay attention to the length of the wires, the longer they are, the more convenient it will be to work.
What is the best model to buy
In order to select a quality multimeter for specific applications and tasks, it is necessary to analyze the characteristics of the models offered on the market and real reviews.
If you need the device for infrequent use in the home, then the optimal solution would be the simplest multimeter of analog or digital type at a low cost. Such a basic device has the necessary characteristics for conducting measurements, detecting the integrity of wires, measuring the voltage on the battery. Most manufacturers' lineups offer an inexpensive, compact multimeter for home use with a medium level of accuracy.
Professional accurate digital multimeters with advanced functionality and increased accuracy are recommended for professionals and craftsmen who use multimeters in the work quite often. Professional models often have additional features that you should familiarize yourself with prior to purchase so that you do not overpay for unused options.
Parameters for selecting a multimeter
When selecting a multimeter for domestic or professional use, you need to pay attention to the technical characteristics and features of the devices:
- The conditions under which the instrument is planned to be used. Based on the specific application, it is necessary to select a digital multimeter with a suitable degree of protection, for example, against dust and excessive moisture, mechanical effects.
- Type of power supply. Most household devices run on standard 9 V crni batteries, and professional models are equipped with a rechargeable battery.
- Set of functions and additional options. It is desirable to choose devices with built-in overload protection, as well as with additional options for comfortable use. For example, backlighting of the display will be indispensable in a confined space without sufficient lighting or the presence of a buzzer when wire-clearing. Digital multimeters allow you to test diodes to identify burned-out ones. Someone will benefit from the HOLD button that allows you to memorize the measured value.
- Completion and availability of accessories. For example, in the set of devices of some manufacturers there are current clamps, which eliminates the need to buy them separately. Check the quality and length of the leads and probes.
- Degree of error. Professional devices can have a margin of error of up to 0.025%. Devices purchased for residential use may have a result error of up to 3%.
- Permissible measuring mode and range of results. For home or car use the minimum range will be sufficient, but in professional instruments the breadth of the range for each measurement will be an advantage.
- Design Convenience. Comfort of use, size, features of controls, convenient mode switch.
Given the listed selection criteria, you can choose the optimal device for specific purposes and tasks, without overpaying for unnecessary options provided by the manufacturer.
What is the difference between a multimeter and a tester
Many people mistakenly believe that a multimeter and a tester are the same device. However, voltage testers have fewer functions, with only a few diodes on the panel that provide voltage information. The digital tester also has a phase indicator, which can be used to determine the continuity of electrical circuits or the presence of breaks in them.
The multimeter has many other options and, thanks to its advanced functionality, it replaces several devices, including the tester. The multimeter, unlike the tester, can be used for sudden voltage spikes.
Rating of the best multimeters for home and car
Choosing a multimeter for the car or household use, you can buy both budget models, and more expensive with additional functions if necessary. Let's carry out a comparison of some models, their characteristics, the data were collected in the top models depending on the cost of the device.
The best inexpensive devices
Choosing between an arrow and a cheap digital device, it is better to give preference to the second, because it immediately displays the result on the display. A budget compact multimeter designed to determine current and voltage values, as well as help check the integrity of wiring. Here are the best digital multimeters in this segment:
- Resanta DT 830V - measures DC and AC current, resistance, tests transistors and diodes. Provides a switch for 20 modes, overload protection, power from the crown. The device can be used in the home, for the car and in small car repair shops. Disadvantages are the lack of auto-off mode and thin probes, prone to breakage;
- UNI-T UT33D is characterized by compactness and lightness, with built-in overload protection. The percentage of error is minimal with high sensitivity, so the multimeter is suitable for home and for radio amateurs. Pluses are the presence of a sound signal and auto shut-off function;
- Mastech MAS838: the device will be optimal in terms of price to reliability ratio. The device is ideal for use at home or in the garage and has minimal error. It is equipped with a large screen and clear mode controls. The advantage is the presence of the memory hold button, the mode of diode testing.
Rating of multimeters with advanced options
Among the models that have additional options, it is worth noting the most popular:
- Mastech MS8260E.. It has modules for testing bipolar transistors, testing diodes and circuit continuity testing, measuring the inductance of coils and chokes. The device has a switch for 30 modes, backlight, the presence of the key Hold for fixing the last result. The advantages of the device are a wide measuring range, convenient location of the fuse, protection against incorrect connection, high-quality probes. A significant disadvantage is the fact that after shocks the battery charge drops to zero;
- CEM DT-61. The device combines basic options with the function of environmental parameters evaluation. Advanced options include temperature, humidity, noise, and light measurement. The device has a double case with shockproof characteristics and features high quality wiring. The only disadvantage with such a set of functions is the high price.
Recommended professional devices
Devices for professional use are characterized by a shockproof housing with several levels of protection against moisture and dust. In such multimeters provides a wide range and high speed display of the result on a large display:
- Fluke 17B+. American device is characterized by high reliability, the display is updated three times per second, the range can be adjusted in automatic or manual mode. The advantages of this digital multimeter are informativeness, smooth turns of regulators, convenient and quality probes. Powered by 2 AA batteries;
- APPA 107N - Thanks to its protection class IP64, the device can be used under extreme conditions, whereby humidity and falls do not affect the accuracy of the measurement. The memory of the device contains 1600 last values, the device is compatible with computer technology via an interface. The result is not only displayed in numbers and symbols, but also on a linear scale of 42 segments.
So, the multimeter is a device that can be needed not only by electricians and craftsmen working with electrical networks, but also by ordinary craftsmen for domestic use in the garage or at home. The device will help to establish the causes of breakdowns, as it allows you to carry out various measurements due to its versatility.
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